{"id":15588,"date":"2023-11-01T05:00:00","date_gmt":"2023-10-31T21:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.franchise.com.hk\/institute-for-economics-peace-%e5%a0%b1%e5%91%8a%e7%a8%b1%ef%bc%8c%e9%9a%a8%e8%91%97%e7%b3%a7%e9%a3%9f%e5%92%8c%e6%b0%b4%e8%b3%87%e6%ba%90%e6%97%a5%e7%9b%8a%e5%8c%b1%e4%b9%8f%e5%8f%8a%e9%80%9a\/15588"},"modified":"2023-11-01T05:00:00","modified_gmt":"2023-10-31T21:00:00","slug":"institute-for-economics-peace-%e5%a0%b1%e5%91%8a%e7%a8%b1%ef%bc%8c%e9%9a%a8%e8%91%97%e7%b3%a7%e9%a3%9f%e5%92%8c%e6%b0%b4%e8%b3%87%e6%ba%90%e6%97%a5%e7%9b%8a%e5%8c%b1%e4%b9%8f%e5%8f%8a%e9%80%9a","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.franchise.com.hk\/en\/institute-for-economics-peace-%e5%a0%b1%e5%91%8a%e7%a8%b1%ef%bc%8c%e9%9a%a8%e8%91%97%e7%b3%a7%e9%a3%9f%e5%92%8c%e6%b0%b4%e8%b3%87%e6%ba%90%e6%97%a5%e7%9b%8a%e5%8c%b1%e4%b9%8f%e5%8f%8a%e9%80%9a\/15588","title":{"rendered":"Institute for Economics &amp; Peace \u5831\u544a\u7a31\uff0c\u96a8\u8457\u7ce7\u98df\u548c\u6c34\u8cc7\u6e90\u65e5\u76ca\u5331\u4e4f\u53ca\u901a\u81a8\u58d3\u529b\u4e0d\u65b7\u6500\u5347\uff0c\u885d\u7a81\u98a8\u96aa\u6b63\u5728\u5347\u7d1a"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span class=\"legendSpanClass\">\u502b\u6566\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"legendSpanClass\">2023\u5e7411\u67081\u65e5<\/span> \/\u7f8e\u901a\u793e\/ &#8212; \u4eca\u5929\uff0cInstitute for Economics &amp; Peace\uff08IEP\uff09\u767c\u4f48\u4e86\u5e74\u5ea6\u300a\u751f\u614b\u5a01\u8105\u5831\u544a\u300b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e3b\u8981\u767c\u73fe\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\u6c23\u5019\u8b8a\u9077\u5c07\u52a0\u5287\u751f\u614b\u5a01\u8105\uff08\u5982\u4eba\u53e3\u5feb\u901f\u589e\u9577\u3001\u6c34\u8cc7\u6e90\u98a8\u96aa\u548c\u7ce7\u98df\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\uff09\uff0c\u5c0e\u81f4\u5927\u898f\u6a21\u4eba\u53e3\u6d41\u96e2\u5931\u6240\u548c\u885d\u7a81\u7684\u7522\u751f\u3002   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\u7684\u7279\u5927\u57ce\u5e02\u6b63\u5728\u8fc5\u901f\u64f4\u5c55\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u9019\u4e9b\u7279\u5927\u57ce\u5e02\u4f4d\u65bc\u66b4\u529b\u6216\u885d\u7a81\u60c5\u6cc1\u56b4\u91cd\u7684\u570b\u5bb6\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u57ce\u5e02\u7f3a\u4e4f\u8ca1\u653f\u8cc7\u6e90\u4f86\u6eff\u8db3\u4e0d\u65b7\u589e\u9577\u7684\u4eba\u53e3\u9700\u6c42\u3002  <\/p>\n<p>\u300a\u751f\u614b\u5a01\u8105\u5831\u544a\u300b (ETR) \u5206\u6790\u4e86\u5168\u7403\u751f\u614b\u5a01\u8105\uff0c\u4e26\u8a55\u4f30\u56e0\u751f\u614b\u9000\u5316\u548c\u6c23\u5019\u76f8\u95dc\u4e8b\u4ef6\u800c\u53ef\u80fd\u9762\u81e8\u885d\u7a81\u3001\u5167\u4e82\u548c\u6d41\u96e2\u5931\u6240\u98a8\u96aa\u6700\u5927\u7684\u570b\u5bb6\u53ca\u6b21\u570b\u5bb6\u5730\u5340\u3002\u8a72\u5831\u544a\u8986\u84cb\u4e86 221 \u500b\u570b\u5bb6\u548c\u7368\u7acb\u5730\u5340\uff0c\u7d30\u5206\u70ba 3,594 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\u5104\u4eba\u53e3(1)\u3002\u6700\u8fd1\u5168\u7403\u7ce7\u98df\u50f9\u683c\u4e0a\u5347\u5e36\u4f86\u7684\u58d3\u529b\u5c0e\u81f4\u5df2\u906d\u53d7\u7ce7\u98df\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u570b\u5bb6\u7522\u751f\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u7ce7\u98df\u9700\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u71b1\u9ede\u570b\u5bb6<\/p>\n<p>\u4e09\u500b\u570b\u5bb6\u65b0\u589e\u70ba\u300c\u71b1\u9ede\u300d\u570b\u5bb6\u3002\u9019\u4e09\u500b\u570b\u5bb6\u5206\u5225\u662f\u5c3c\u65e5\u723e\u3001\u57c3\u585e\u4fc4\u6bd4\u4e9e\u548c\u7dec\u7538\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u570b\u5bb6\u90fd\u5df2\u9032\u5165\u751f\u614b\u5a01\u8105\u52a0\u5287\u3001\u793e\u6703\u97cc\u6027\u4e0b\u964d\u548c\u885d\u7a81\u5347\u7d1a\u7684\u60e1\u6027\u5faa\u74b0\u3002\u5728\u904e\u53bb\u7684 12 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\u5e74\u653f\u8b8a\u5f8c\u4e5f\u51fa\u73fe\u4e86\u66b4\u529b\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u751f\u614b\u9000\u5316\u548c\u885d\u7a81\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u60e1\u6027\u5faa\u74b0\uff0c\u8cc7\u6e90\u9000\u5316\u5c0e\u81f4\u885d\u7a81\uff0c\u885d\u7a81\u53c8\u5c0e\u81f4\u8cc7\u6e90\u9000\u5316\u3002\u751f\u614b\u9000\u5316\u5c0d\u975e\u6d32\u85a9\u8d6b\u52d2\u7b49\u5730\u5340\u7684\u885d\u7a81\u5f71\u97ff\u6700\u5927\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u9019\u4e9b\u5730\u5340\u5728\u6cbb\u7406\u3001\u6cd5\u6cbb\u3001\u6975\u7aef\u8ca7\u56f0\u548c\u77ed\u671f\u6c23\u5019\u8b8a\u5316\u65b9\u9762\u5b58\u5728\u6bd4\u8f03\u56b4\u91cd\u7684\u554f\u984c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u885d\u7a81\u5f80\u5f80\u6703\u5f9e\u4e00\u500b\u570b\u5bb6\u8513\u5ef6\u5230\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u570b\u5bb6\uff0c\u4e26\u5c07\u5f71\u97ff\u5230\u8a72\u5730\u5340\u5167\u5916(2)\u3002\u76ee\u524d\u6709\u8d85\u904e 1.08 \u5104\u4eba\u6d41\u96e2\u5931\u6240\uff0c\u76f8\u8f03\u65bc 20020 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\u5e74\u4ee5\u4f86\uff0c\u5168\u7403\u7ce7\u98df\u50f9\u683c\u4e0a\u6f32\u4e86 33%\uff0c\u7d66\u6700\u5f31\u52e2\u7fa4\u9ad4\u5e36\u4f86\u4e86\u66f4\u5927\u58d3\u529b\u3002\u76ee\u524d\uff0c42 \u500b\u570b\u5bb6\/\u5730\u5340\u9762\u81e8\u56b4\u91cd\u7684\u7ce7\u98df\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u8fd1 40 \u5104\u4eba\u53e3\u751f\u6d3b\u5728\u7ce7\u98df\u9ad8\u5ea6\u6216\u56b4\u91cd\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u5730\u5340\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u570b\u5bb6\u5927\u591a\u4f4d\u65bc\u975e\u6d32\u6492\u54c8\u62c9\u4ee5\u5357\u5730\u5340\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u76ee\u524d\u6709\u00a020 \u5104\u4eba\u53e3\u751f\u6d3b\u5728\u7121\u6cd5\u7372\u5f97\u5b89\u5168\u98f2\u7528\u6c34\u7684\u570b\u5bb6\/\u5730\u5340\u3002\u622a\u81f3 2040 \u5e74\uff0c\u4e2d\u6771\u548c\u5317\u975e\u5730\u5340\u4ea6\u5c07\u6703\u51fa\u73fe\u975e\u6d32\u6492\u54c8\u62c9\u4ee5\u5357\u5730\u5340\u5982\u4eca\u7684\u6c34\u8cc7\u6e90\u7dca\u5f35\u72c0\u6cc1\u3002\u5728\u4fc4\u7f85\u65af\u548c\u6b50\u4e9e\u5927\u9678\u7684 12 \u500b\u570b\u5bb6\u4e2d\uff0c\u6709 8 \u500b\u570b\u5bb6\u76ee\u524d\u9762\u81e8\u56b4\u5cfb\u7684\u6c34\u8cc7\u6e90\u6311\u6230\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u570b\u5bb6\u7684\u4f4e\u964d\u96e8\u91cf\u53ca\u5730\u5f62\u8b93\u9019\u9805\u6311\u6230\u8b8a\u5f97\u66f4\u70ba\u56b4\u5cfb\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9810\u8a08\u9019\u4e9b\u8da8\u52e2\u9084\u6703\u60e1\u5316\u3002\u5728 21 \u4e16\u7d00\uff0c\u5168\u7403\u5347\u6eab\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u8d85\u904e 1.5\u00b0C\uff0c\u4f7f\u6eab\u5ea6\u4e0a\u6f32\u5e45\u5ea6\u4fdd\u6301\u5728 2\u00b0C \u4ee5\u5167\u8b8a\u5f97\u66f4\u52a0\u56f0\u96e3\u3002\u5168\u7403\u5347\u6eab\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u52a0\u5287\u751f\u614b\u9000\u5316\u548c\u7522\u751f\u885d\u7a81\u7684\u6839\u672c\u539f\u56e0(3)\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u81ea\u7136\u707d\u5bb3\u3001\u4eba\u53e3\u53ca\u885d\u7a81<\/p>\n<p>\u6c23\u5019\u8b8a\u9077\u52a0\u5287\u4e86\u4e7e\u65f1\u3001\u6d2a\u6c34\u3001\u6c23\u65cb\u548c\u98a8\u66b4\u7b49\u98a8\u96aa\u3002\u6297\u707d\u80fd\u529b\u4f4e\u7684\u570b\u5bb6\u6b7b\u4ea1\u7387\u6bd4\u6297\u707d\u80fd\u529b\u9ad8\u7684\u570b\u5bb6\u9ad8\u51fa\u4e03\u500d\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u806f\u5408\u570b\u4e2d\u592e\u61c9\u6025\u57fa\u91d1\u5728 2022 \u5e74\u64a5\u4ed8\u9810\u7b97\u7684 35% \u7528\u65bc\u61c9\u5c0d\u81ea\u7136\u707d\u5bb3\uff0c\u800c\u5341\u5e74\u524d\u9019\u4e00\u6bd4\u4f8b\u50c5\u70ba 17%\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u65e5\u76ca\u589e\u9577\u7684\u4eba\u53e3\u58d3\u529b\u540c\u6a23\u52a0\u5287\u4e86\u751f\u614b\u98a8\u96aa\uff0c\u5c0e\u81f4\u672c\u5df2\u8106\u5f31\u7684\u5730\u5340\u516c\u5171\u8cc7\u6e90\u7dca\u5f35\u3001\u793e\u6703\u97cc\u6027\u4e0d\u8db3\u3002\u64da\u9810\u6e2c\uff0c\u5230 2050 \u5e74\uff0c\u975e\u6d32\u6492\u54c8\u62c9\u4ee5\u5357\u7684\u4eba\u53e3\u5c07\u589e\u81f3 22 \u5104\uff0c\u589e\u5e45\u8d85\u904e 60%\uff0c\u9019\u5c07\u5927\u5927\u589e\u52a0\u5c0d\u73fe\u6709\u7ce7\u98df\u548c\u6c34\u8cc7\u6e90\u4f9b\u61c9\u7684\u58d3\u529b\u3002\u622a\u81f3 2050 \u5e74\uff0c\u8a72\u5730\u5340\u00a015 \u6b72\u4ee5\u4e0b\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u7684\u6578\u91cf\u5c07\u8d85\u904e\u6574\u500b\u6b50\u6d32\u7684\u4eba\u53e3\u6578\u91cf\uff0c\u7a81\u986f\u4e86\u5168\u7403\u4eba\u53e3\u5206\u4f48\u7684\u52d5\u614b\u8b8a\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n<p>IEP \u5275\u8fa6\u4eba\u517c\u884c\u653f\u4e3b\u5e2d <span class=\"xn-person\">Steve Killelea<\/span> \u8868\u793a\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\u300c\u5728\u806f\u5408\u570b\u6c23\u5019\u8b8a\u9077\u5927\u6703\u7b2c 28 \u6b21\u7de0\u7d04\u65b9\u6703\u8b70\u5373\u5c07\u53ec\u958b\u4e4b\u969b\uff0c\u300a\u751f\u614b\u5a01\u8105\u5831\u544a\u300b\u53ca\u6642\u63d0\u9192\u5404\u570b\u9818\u5c0e\u4eba\u9700\u8981\u63a1\u53d6\u5207\u5be6\u884c\u52d5\u3001\u52a0\u5927\u6295\u8cc7\u4e26\u70ba\u672a\u4f86\u793e\u6703\u5efa\u7acb\u97cc\u6027\u3002\u8d8a\u4f86\u8d8a\u591a\u7684\u570b\u5bb6\u5728\u9762\u81e8\u56b4\u91cd\u751f\u614b\u5a01\u8105\u6642\u537b\u7f3a\u4e4f\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u793e\u6703\u97cc\u6027\uff0c\u800c\u6c23\u5019\u8b8a\u9077\u53ea\u6703\u52a0\u5287\u9019\u4e9b\u5a01\u8105\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6b63\u9762\u548c\u5e73\uff084\uff09\u7a0b\u5ea6\u9ad8\u7684\u570b\u5bb6\u5177\u5099\u89e3\u6c7a\u9019\u4e9b\u6311\u6230\u7684\u793e\u6703\u97cc\u6027\u3002\u7576\u524d\u4e16\u754c\u9762\u81e8\u65e5\u76ca\u56b4\u91cd\u7684\u751f\u614b\u9000\u5316\u3001\u885d\u7a81\u548c\u88ab\u8feb\u9077\u5f99\uff0c\u5168\u7403\u5404\u570b\u9818\u8896\u61c9\u8a72\u6295\u8cc7\u65bc\u80fd\u5920\u5275\u9020\u7a4d\u6975\u97cc\u6027\u548c\u63a8\u52d5\u7d93\u6fdf\u9032\u6b65\u7684\u8a08\u5283\u3002\u300d<\/p>\n<p>\u7279\u5927\u57ce\u5e02\uff1a\u6c61\u67d3\u548c\u4eba\u53e3\u589e\u52a0<\/p>\n<p>\u7279\u5927\u57ce\u5e02(5)\u7684\u6578\u91cf\u4e0d\u65b7\u6500\u5347\uff0c\u9810\u8a08\u5230 2050 \u5e74\u5c07\u5f9e\u00a033 \u500b\u589e\u52a0\u5230 50 \u500b\u3002\u76ee\u524d\u6709\u8d85\u904e 2.67 \u5104\u4eba\u53e3\u751f\u6d3b\u5728\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u6700\u4e0d\u5b89\u5be7\u7684\u7279\u5927\u57ce\u5e02\u7576\u4e2d\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u57ce\u5e02\u5c07\u5728\u672a\u4f86 30 \u5e74\u5167\u7d93\u6b77\u5feb\u901f\u6210\u9577\uff0c\u4f46\u7f3a\u4e4f\u52a0\u5f37\u6cbb\u7406\u7684\u8ca1\u653f\u8cc7\u6e90\uff0c\u6703\u5c0e\u81f4\u72af\u7f6a\u3001\u8ca7\u56f0\u3001\u4ea4\u901a\u64c1\u5835\u548c\u74b0\u5883\u6c61\u67d3\u7b49\u554f\u984c\u66f4\u56b4\u91cd\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u975e\u6d32\uff0c\u5c3c\u65e5\u5229\u4e9e\u548c\u525b\u679c\u6c11\u4e3b\u5171\u548c\u570b\u90fd\u6709\u591a\u500b\u9ad8\u589e\u9577\u57ce\u5e02\uff0c\u4f46\u4eba\u5747\u6536\u5165\u6c34\u5e73\u8f03\u4f4e\u3002\u5728\u9810\u8a08\u6210\u70ba\u7279\u5927\u57ce\u5e02\u7684 50 \u500b\u57ce\u5e02\u4e2d\uff0c60% \u7684\u57ce\u5e02\u4f4d\u65bc\u5168\u7403\u548c\u5e73\u6307\u6578\u6392\u540d\u9760\u5f8c\u7684\u570b\u5bb6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8d85\u904e\u00a060% \u7684\u96e3\u6c11\u548c 80% \u7684\u570b\u5167\u6d41\u96e2\u5931\u6240\u8005\u9077\u5f80\u57ce\u5e02\u3002\u5230 2050 \u5e74\uff0c\u5168\u7403\u00a070% \u7684\u4eba\u53e3\u5c07\u5c45\u4f4f\u5728\u57ce\u5e02\uff0c\u800c\u4eba\u53e3\u589e\u9577\u6700\u5feb\u7684\u57ce\u5e02\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u4f4d\u65bc\u4eba\u5747\u6536\u5165\u4f4e\u3001\u66b4\u529b\u7a0b\u5ea6\u9ad8\u7684\u570b\u5bb6\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u91d1\u6c99\u85a9\u3001\u62c9\u5404\u65af\u3001\u9054\u5361\u548c\u5361\u62c9\u5947\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u885d\u7a81\u8207\u7da0\u8272\u7d93\u6fdf<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u5373\u5c07\u5230\u4f86\u7684\u7da0\u8272\u8f49\u578b\u671f\uff0c\u56b4\u91cd\u4f9d\u8cf4\u5316\u77f3\u71c3\u6599\u7684\u570b\u5bb6\u5982\u679c\u6c92\u6709\u7372\u5f97\u63f4\u52a9\u5c31\u6703\u9677\u5165\u56f0\u5883\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u525b\u679c\u6c11\u4e3b\u5171\u548c\u570b\u3001\u5229\u6bd4\u4e9e\u3001\u4f0a\u62c9\u514b\u3001\u5b89\u54e5\u62c9\u548c\u6771\u5e1d\u6c76\u8d85\u904e 25% \u7684\u570b\u5167\u751f\u7522\u7e3d\u503c\u4f86\u81ea\u5316\u77f3\u71c3\u6599\u7684\u6536\u5165\u3002\u9762\u5c0d\u56b4\u91cd\u7684\u751f\u614b\u6311\u6230\u548c\u8f03\u4f4e\u7684\u793e\u6703\u97cc\u6027\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u570b\u5bb6\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u5728 2030 \u5e74\u81f3\u00a02040 \u5e74\u9593\u9762\u81e8\u9ad8\u9054 60% \u7684\u00a0GDP \u4e0b\u964d\u554f\u984c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6b32\u4e86\u89e3\u66f4\u591a\u8cc7\u8a0a\uff0c\u8acb\u700f\u89bd <a href=\"http:\/\/www.economicsandpeace.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">economicsandpeace.org<\/a>\u00a0\u548c\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/visionofhumanity.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">visionofhumanity.org<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7de8\u8f2f\u9808\u77e5<\/p>\n<p>(1)2023 \u5e74\u71b1\u9ede\u570b\u5bb6\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n<div>\n<p class=\"prnml4\"><span class=\"prnews_span\">\u5e03\u9686\u8fea<\/span><\/p>\n<p>      <\/p>\n<p class=\"prnml4\"><span class=\"prnews_span\">\u5580\u9ea5\u9686<\/span><\/p>\n<p>      <\/p>\n<p class=\"prnml4\"><span class=\"prnews_span\">\u6d25\u5df4\u5e03\u97cb<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"prnml4\"><span class=\"prnews_span\">\u525b\u679c\u6c11\u4e3b<\/span><\/p>\n<p>      <\/p>\n<p class=\"prnml4\"><span class=\"prnews_span\">\u4e2d\u975e\u5171\u548c\u570b<\/span><\/p>\n<p>      <\/p>\n<p class=\"prnml4\"><span class=\"prnews_span\">\u6d77\u5730<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"prnml4\"><span class=\"prnews_span\">\u5171\u548c\u570b<\/span><\/p>\n<p>      <\/p>\n<p class=\"prnml4\"><span class=\"prnews_span\">\u4e4d\u5f97<\/span><\/p>\n<p>      <\/p>\n<p class=\"prnml4\"><span class=\"prnews_span\">\u4f0a\u62c9\u514b<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"prnml4\"><span class=\"prnews_span\">\u757f\u5167\u4e9e<\/span><\/p>\n<p>      <\/p>\n<p class=\"prnml4\"><span class=\"prnews_span\">\u8d64\u9053\u757f\u5167\u4e9e<\/span><\/p>\n<p>      <\/p>\n<p class=\"prnml4\"><span class=\"prnews_span\">\u5229\u6bd4\u4e9e<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"prnml4\"><span class=\"prnews_span\">\u5c3c\u65e5\u723e<\/span><\/p>\n<p>      <\/p>\n<p class=\"prnml4\"><span class=\"prnews_span\">\u5384\u7acb\u7279\u91cc\u4e9e<\/span><\/p>\n<p>      <\/p>\n<p class=\"prnml4\"><span class=\"prnews_span\">\u99ac\u91cc<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"prnml4\"><span class=\"prnews_span\">\u525b\u679c\u5171\u548c\u570b<\/span><\/p>\n<p>      <\/p>\n<p class=\"prnml4\"><span class=\"prnews_span\">\u57c3\u585e\u4fc4\u6bd4\u4e9e<\/span><\/p>\n<p>      <\/p>\n<p class=\"prnml4\"><span class=\"prnews_span\">\u6bdb\u91cc\u5854\u5c3c\u4e9e<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"prnml4\"><span class=\"prnews_span\">\u7d22\u99ac\u91cc<\/span><\/p>\n<p>      <\/p>\n<p class=\"prnml4\"><span class=\"prnews_span\">\u757f\u5167\u4e9e\u6bd4\u7d39<\/span><\/p>\n<p>      <\/p>\n<p class=\"prnml4\"><span class=\"prnews_span\">\u7dec\u7538<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"prnml4\"><span class=\"prnews_span\">\u5357\u8607\u4e39<\/span><\/p>\n<p>      <\/p>\n<p class=\"prnml4\"><span class=\"prnews_span\">\u8607\u4e39<\/span><\/p>\n<p>      <\/p>\n<p class=\"prnml4\"><span class=\"prnews_span\">\u5c3c\u65e5\u5229\u4e9e<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"prnml4\"><span class=\"prnews_span\">\u963f\u5bcc\u6c57<\/span><\/p>\n<p>      <\/p>\n<p class=\"prnml4\"><span class=\"prnews_span\">\u70cf\u5e72\u9054<\/span><\/p>\n<p>      <\/p>\n<p class=\"prnml4\"><span class=\"prnews_span\">\u5317\u97d3<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>(2)\u00a02023 \u5e74\u5168\u7403\u548c\u5e73\u6307\u6578<\/p>\n<p>(3)\u00a0IPCC\uff0c2023 \u5e74\uff1a\u300a\u6c23\u5019\u8b8a\u9077 2023\uff1a\u7d9c\u5408\u5831\u544a\u300b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u3001\u7b2c\u4e8c\u548c\u7b2c\u4e09\u5de5\u4f5c\u5c0f\u7d44\u5c0d\u806f\u5408\u570b\u653f\u5e9c\u9593\u6c23\u5019\u8b8a\u9077\u5c08\u9580\u59d4\u54e1\u6703\u7b2c\u516d\u6b21\u8a55\u4f30\u5831\u544a\u4f5c\u51fa\u7684\u8ca2\u737b [\u6838\u5fc3\u7de8\u5beb\u5c0f\u7d44\uff0cH. Lee \u548c\u00a0J. Romero\uff08\u7de8\u8f2f\uff09]\u3002IPCC\uff0c\u745e\u58eb\u65e5\u5167\u74e6\uff0c\u7b2c 71 \u9801<\/p>\n<p>(4)\u6b63\u9762\u548c\u5e73\u7684\u5b9a\u7fa9\u662f\u5efa\u7acb\u548c\u7dad\u6301\u548c\u5e73\u793e\u6703\u7684\u614b\u5ea6\u3001\u9ad4\u5236\u548c\u7d50\u69cb\u3002<a href=\"https:\/\/www.visionofhumanity.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Positive-Peace-2023-briefing.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u8cc7\u6599\u4f86\u6e90<\/a><\/p>\n<p>(5)\u7279\u5927\u57ce\u5e02\u662f\u6307\u8d85\u904e 1000 \u842c\u4eba\u53e3\u7684\u57ce\u5e02<\/p>\n<p>(6)2021 \u5e74\u300a\u751f\u614b\u5a01\u8105\u5831\u544a\u300b<\/p>\n<p>\u95dc\u65bc\u751f\u614b\u5a01\u8105\u5831\u544a\uff08ETR\uff09<\/p>\n<p>\u6b64\u7248\u672c\u300a\u751f\u614b\u5a01\u8105\u5831\u544a\u300b\u70ba\u7b2c\u56db\u7248\uff0c\u5167\u5bb9\u6db5\u84cb\u4e86 228 \u500b\u7368\u7acb\u570b\u5bb6\u548c\u5730\u5340\u3002\u300a\u751f\u614b\u5a01\u8105\u5831\u544a\u300b\u7684\u7368\u7279\u4e4b\u8655\u5728\u65bc\u63a1\u7528\u4e86\u4e00\u7a2e\u591a\u9762\u5411\u7684\u6a5f\u5668\u5b78\u7fd2\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u7d50\u5408\u97cc\u6027\u8a55\u91cf\u6a19\u6e96\u8207\u73fe\u6709\u6700\u5168\u9762\u7684\u751f\u614b\u6578\u64da\uff0c\u7528\u4ee5\u63ed\u793a\u54ea\u4e9b\u570b\u5bb6\u5728\u7576\u4e0b\u548c\u672a\u4f86\u6700\u96e3\u4ee5\u61c9\u5c0d\u7684\u6975\u7aef\u751f\u614b\u885d\u64ca\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u65b9\u6cd5<\/p>\n<p>\u300a\u751f\u614b\u5a01\u8105\u5831\u544a\u300b\u56ca\u62ec\u4e86\u95dc\u65bc\u4eba\u53e3\u589e\u9577\u3001\u6c34\u8cc7\u6e90\u58d3\u529b\u3001\u7ce7\u98df\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\u3001\u4e7e\u65f1\u3001\u6d2a\u6c34\u3001\u6c23\u65cb\u548c\u6c23\u6eab\u4e0a\u5347\u7b49\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u6700\u65b0\u6b0a\u5a01\u79d1\u5b78\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5831\u544a\u9084\u63a1\u7528\u4e86 IEP \u7684\u300c\u6b63\u9762\u548c\u5e73\u300d\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u7528\u65bc\u78ba\u5b9a\u54ea\u4e9b\u5730\u5340\u7684\u97cc\u6027\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u8db3\u4ee5\u9069\u61c9\u6216\u61c9\u5c0d\u672a\u4f86\u7684\u885d\u64ca\u3002\u5831\u544a\u8490\u96c6\u4e86\u591a\u500b\u8cc7\u6599\u4f86\u6e90\u7684\u8cc7\u8a0a\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4e16\u754c\u9280\u884c\u3001\u4e16\u754c\u8cc7\u6e90\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u3001\u7ce7\u8fb2\u7d44\u7e54\u3001\u806f\u5408\u570b\u3001\u806f\u5408\u570b\u4eba\u6b0a\u7406\u4e8b\u6703\u3001\u5883\u5167\u6d41\u96e2\u5931\u6240\u554f\u984c\u76e3\u6e2c\u4e2d\u5fc3\u3001\u806f\u5408\u570b\u653f\u5e9c\u9593\u6c23\u5019\u8b8a\u9077\u5c08\u9580\u59d4\u54e1\u6703\u3001\u570b\u969b\u79fb\u6c11\u7d44\u7e54\u4ee5\u53ca IEP\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u95dc\u65bc\u00a0Institute for Economics &amp; Peace<\/p>\n<p>IEP \u662f\u4e00\u500b\u570b\u969b\u7368\u7acb\u5b78\u6703\uff0c\u81f4\u529b\u65bc\u5c07\u4e16\u754c\u91cd\u9ede\u8f49\u5411\u548c\u5e73\uff0c\u5c07\u5176\u4f5c\u70ba\u4eba\u985e\u798f\u7949\u548c\u9032\u6b65\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u6b63\u9762\u3001\u53ef\u5be6\u73fe\u53ca\u5be6\u969b\u7684\u6a19\u6e96\u3002\u5728\u6089\u5c3c\u3001\u5e03\u9b6f\u585e\u723e\u3001\u7d10\u7d04\u3001\u6d77\u7259\u3001\u58a8\u897f\u54e5\u57ce\u53ca\u54c8\u62c9\u96f7\u8a2d\u6709\u8fa6\u516c\u5ba4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u502b\u6566\u00a02023\u5e7411\u67081\u65e5 \/\u7f8e\u901a\u793e\/ &#8212; \u4eca\u5929\uff0cInstitute for Economics &amp; Peace\uff08IEP\uff09\u767c\u4f48\u4e86\u5e74\u5ea6\u300a\u751f\u614b\u5a01\u8105\u5831\u544a\u300b\u3002 \u4e3b\u8981\u767c\u73fe\u5305\u62ec\uff1a \u6c23\u5019\u8b8a\u9077\u5c07\u52a0\u5287\u751f\u614b\u5a01\u8105\uff08\u5982\u4eba\u53e3\u5feb\u901f\u589e\u9577\u3001\u6c34\u8cc7\u6e90\u98a8\u96aa\u548c\u7ce7\u98df\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\uff09\uff0c\u5c0e\u81f4\u5927\u898f\u6a21\u4eba\u53e3\u6d41\u96e2\u5931\u6240\u548c\u885d\u7a81\u7684\u7522\u751f\u3002 \u7ce7\u98df\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\u7a0b\u5ea6\u6bcf\u589e\u52a0\u00a025%\uff0c\u767c\u751f\u885d\u7a81\u7684\u98a8\u96aa\u5c31\u6703\u589e\u52a0\u00a036% \u540c\u6a23\uff0c\u7121\u6cd5\u7372\u5f97\u4e7e\u6de8\u98f2\u7528\u6c34\u7684\u4eba\u6578\u6bcf\u589e\u52a0\u00a025%\uff0c\u767c\u751f\u885d\u7a81\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u5c31\u6703\u589e\u52a0\u00a018% \u76ee\u524d\u6709\u00a010 \u5104\u4eba\u751f\u6d3b\u5728\u7ce7\u98df\u56b4\u91cd\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u00a042 \u500b\u570b\u5bb6\/\u5730\u5340 \u5168\u7403\u6bcf\u00a04 \u4eba\u4e2d\u5c31\u6709\u00a01 \u4eba\u7121\u6cd5\u6b63\u5e38\u7372\u5f97\u5b89\u5168\u98f2\u7528\u6c34 \u9810\u6e2c\u5230\u00a02050 \u5e74\uff0c\u5c07\u6709\u00a028 \u5104\u4eba\u751f\u6d3b\u5728\u9762\u81e8\u56b4\u91cd\u751f\u614b\u5a01\u8105\u7684\u570b\u5bb6\/\u5730\u5340\uff0c\u800c\u73fe\u5728\u9019\u500b\u6578\u76ee\u662f\u00a018 \u5104\u4eba \u5168\u7403\u8d85\u904e\u00a060% \u7684\u7279\u5927\u57ce\u5e02\u6b63\u5728\u8fc5\u901f\u64f4\u5c55\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u9019\u4e9b\u7279\u5927\u57ce\u5e02\u4f4d\u65bc\u66b4\u529b\u6216\u885d\u7a81\u60c5\u6cc1\u56b4\u91cd\u7684\u570b\u5bb6\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u57ce\u5e02\u7f3a\u4e4f\u8ca1\u653f\u8cc7\u6e90\u4f86\u6eff\u8db3\u4e0d\u65b7\u589e\u9577\u7684\u4eba\u53e3\u9700\u6c42\u3002 \u300a\u751f\u614b\u5a01\u8105\u5831\u544a\u300b (ETR) \u5206\u6790\u4e86\u5168\u7403\u751f\u614b\u5a01\u8105\uff0c\u4e26\u8a55\u4f30\u56e0\u751f\u614b\u9000\u5316\u548c\u6c23\u5019\u76f8\u95dc\u4e8b\u4ef6\u800c\u53ef\u80fd\u9762\u81e8\u885d\u7a81\u3001\u5167\u4e82\u548c\u6d41\u96e2\u5931\u6240\u98a8\u96aa\u6700\u5927\u7684\u570b\u5bb6\u53ca\u6b21\u570b\u5bb6\u5730\u5340\u3002\u8a72\u5831\u544a\u8986\u84cb\u4e86 221 \u500b\u570b\u5bb6\u548c\u7368\u7acb\u5730\u5340\uff0c\u7d30\u5206\u70ba 3,594 \u500b\u6b21\u570b\u5bb6\u5730\u5340\u3002 \u300a\u751f\u614b\u5a01\u8105\u5831\u544a\u300b\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u767c\u73fe\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u63a1\u53d6\u5354\u8abf\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u5168\u7403\u884c\u52d5\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u7684\u751f\u614b\u9000\u5316\u7a0b\u5ea6\u5c07\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u60e1\u5316\uff0c\u52a0\u5287\u73fe\u6709\u885d\u7a81\uff0c\u4e26\u53ef\u80fd\u6210\u70ba\u65b0\u885d\u7a81\u7684\u89f8\u767c\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u8feb\u4f7f\u4eba\u6c11\u96e2\u958b\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5bb6\u5712\u3002 \u00a0 \u53bb\u5e74\uff0c\u53d7\u5230\u56b4\u91cd\u751f\u614b\u5a01\u8105\u548c\u793e\u6703\u97cc\u6027\u8f03\u4f4e\u7684\u570b\u5bb6\u6578\u91cf\u589e\u52a0\u4e86 3 \u500b\uff0c\u9054\u5230\u00a030 \u500b\u570b\u5bb6\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u300c\u71b1\u9ede\u300d\u570b\u5bb6\u5171\u6709 11 \u5104\u4eba\u53e3\uff0c\u65b0\u589e\u4e86 3.32 \u5104\u4eba\u53e3(1)\u3002\u6700\u8fd1\u5168\u7403\u7ce7\u98df\u50f9\u683c\u4e0a\u5347\u5e36\u4f86\u7684\u58d3\u529b\u5c0e\u81f4\u5df2\u906d\u53d7\u7ce7\u98df\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u570b\u5bb6\u7522\u751f\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u7ce7\u98df\u9700\u6c42\u3002 \u71b1\u9ede\u570b\u5bb6 \u4e09\u500b\u570b\u5bb6\u65b0\u589e\u70ba\u300c\u71b1\u9ede\u300d\u570b\u5bb6\u3002\u9019\u4e09\u500b\u570b\u5bb6\u5206\u5225\u662f\u5c3c\u65e5\u723e\u3001\u57c3\u585e\u4fc4\u6bd4\u4e9e\u548c\u7dec\u7538\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u570b\u5bb6\u90fd\u5df2\u9032\u5165\u751f\u614b\u5a01\u8105\u52a0\u5287\u3001\u793e\u6703\u97cc\u6027\u4e0b\u964d\u548c\u885d\u7a81\u5347\u7d1a\u7684\u60e1\u6027\u5faa\u74b0\u3002\u5728\u904e\u53bb\u7684 12 \u500b\u6708\u4e2d\uff0c\u9019\u4e09\u500b\u570b\u5bb6\u90fd\u9762\u81e8\u98e2\u8352\u548c\u66b4\u529b\uff1a\u57c3\u585e\u4fc4\u6bd4\u4e9e\u7684\u885d\u7a81\u4ecd\u5728\u7e7c\u7e8c\uff0c\u5c3c\u65e5\u723e\u6700\u8fd1\u767c\u751f\u4e86\u8ecd\u4e8b\u653f\u8b8a\uff0c\u7dec\u7538\u5728 2021 \u5e74\u653f\u8b8a\u5f8c\u4e5f\u51fa\u73fe\u4e86\u66b4\u529b\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3002 \u751f\u614b\u9000\u5316\u548c\u885d\u7a81\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u60e1\u6027\u5faa\u74b0\uff0c\u8cc7\u6e90\u9000\u5316\u5c0e\u81f4\u885d\u7a81\uff0c\u885d\u7a81\u53c8\u5c0e\u81f4\u8cc7\u6e90\u9000\u5316\u3002\u751f\u614b\u9000\u5316\u5c0d\u975e\u6d32\u85a9\u8d6b\u52d2\u7b49\u5730\u5340\u7684\u885d\u7a81\u5f71\u97ff\u6700\u5927\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u9019\u4e9b\u5730\u5340\u5728\u6cbb\u7406\u3001\u6cd5\u6cbb\u3001\u6975\u7aef\u8ca7\u56f0\u548c\u77ed\u671f\u6c23\u5019\u8b8a\u5316\u65b9\u9762\u5b58\u5728\u6bd4\u8f03\u56b4\u91cd\u7684\u554f\u984c\u3002 \u885d\u7a81\u5f80\u5f80\u6703\u5f9e\u4e00\u500b\u570b\u5bb6\u8513\u5ef6\u5230\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u570b\u5bb6\uff0c\u4e26\u5c07\u5f71\u97ff\u5230\u8a72\u5730\u5340\u5167\u5916(2)\u3002\u76ee\u524d\u6709\u8d85\u904e 1.08 \u5104\u4eba\u6d41\u96e2\u5931\u6240\uff0c\u76f8\u8f03\u65bc 20020 \u5e74\u589e\u9577\u4e86\u00a024%\u3002\u64da\u4f30\uff0c\u5728\u6240\u6709\u6d41\u96e2\u5931\u6240\u7684\u4eba\u7fa4\u4e2d\uff0c\u6709 30% \u7684\u4eba\u9077\u79fb\u5230\u8ddd\u96e2\u672c\u570b 500 \u516c\u91cc\u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u6cd5\u9032\u5165\u6b50\u6d32\u7684\u4eba\u7fa4\u4e2d\u6709\u5f88\u5927\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u4f86\u81ea\u53d7\u5230\u751f\u614b\u5a01\u8105\u548c\u885d\u7a81\u983b\u7e41\u7684\u570b\u5bb6(6)\u3002\u6b50\u6d32\u7684\u975e\u6cd5\u5165\u5883\u8005\u4e2d\u6709\u5f88\u5927\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u4f86\u81ea\u71b1\u9ede\u570b\u5bb6\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d 29% \u4f86\u81ea\u6558\u5229\u4e9e\uff0c9% \u4f86\u81ea\u963f\u5bcc\u6c57\u3002 \u6839\u64da\u76ee\u524d\u7684\u8da8\u52e2\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u5927\u529b\u626d\u8f49\u7576\u524d\u60c5\u6cc1\uff0c\u6839\u64da IEP \u7684\u9810\u5224\uff0c\u5230\u00a02050 \u5e74\uff0c\u5c07\u6709 28 \u5104\u4eba\u53e3\u5c45\u4f4f\u5728\u9762\u81e8\u56b4\u91cd\u751f\u614b\u5a01\u8105\u7684\u570b\u5bb6\/\u5730\u5340\uff0c\u800c 2023 \u5e74\u9019\u4e00\u6578\u5b57\u70ba 18 \u5104\u3002 \u885d\u7a81\u3001\u7ce7\u98df\u548c\u6c34\u8cc7\u6e90\u58d3\u529b \u7ce7\u98df\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\u8207\u6c34\u8cc7\u6e90\u7dca\u5f35\u606f\u606f\u76f8\u95dc\u3002\u6839\u64da\u300a\u751f\u614b\u74b0\u5883\u5a01\u8105\u300b\u5831\u544a\u9810\u4f30\uff0c\u7ce7\u98df\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\u6bcf\u589e\u52a0 25%\uff0c\u885d\u7a81\u98a8\u96aa\u5c31\u6703\u589e\u52a0 36%\uff1b\u540c\u6a23\uff0c\u6c34\u8cc7\u6e90\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\u98a8\u96aa\u6bcf\u589e\u52a0 25%\uff0c\u767c\u751f\u885d\u7a81\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u5c31\u6703\u589e\u52a0 18%\u3002\u66fe\u767c\u751f\u904e\u885d\u7a81\u4ee5\u53ca\u653f\u5e9c\u6a5f\u69cb\u8584\u5f31\u7684\u5730\u5340\u6700\u5bb9\u6613\u53d7\u5230\u5f71\u97ff\u3002 \u81ea\u00a02016 \u5e74\u4ee5\u4f86\uff0c\u5168\u7403\u7ce7\u98df\u50f9\u683c\u4e0a\u6f32\u4e86 33%\uff0c\u7d66\u6700\u5f31\u52e2\u7fa4\u9ad4\u5e36\u4f86\u4e86\u66f4\u5927\u58d3\u529b\u3002\u76ee\u524d\uff0c42 \u500b\u570b\u5bb6\/\u5730\u5340\u9762\u81e8\u56b4\u91cd\u7684\u7ce7\u98df\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u8fd1 40 \u5104\u4eba\u53e3\u751f\u6d3b\u5728\u7ce7\u98df\u9ad8\u5ea6\u6216\u56b4\u91cd\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u5730\u5340\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u570b\u5bb6\u5927\u591a\u4f4d\u65bc\u975e\u6d32\u6492\u54c8\u62c9\u4ee5\u5357\u5730\u5340\u3002 \u76ee\u524d\u6709\u00a020 \u5104\u4eba\u53e3\u751f\u6d3b\u5728\u7121\u6cd5\u7372\u5f97\u5b89\u5168\u98f2\u7528\u6c34\u7684\u570b\u5bb6\/\u5730\u5340\u3002\u622a\u81f3 2040 \u5e74\uff0c\u4e2d\u6771\u548c\u5317\u975e\u5730\u5340\u4ea6\u5c07\u6703\u51fa\u73fe\u975e\u6d32\u6492\u54c8\u62c9\u4ee5\u5357\u5730\u5340\u5982\u4eca\u7684\u6c34\u8cc7\u6e90\u7dca\u5f35\u72c0\u6cc1\u3002\u5728\u4fc4\u7f85\u65af\u548c\u6b50\u4e9e\u5927\u9678\u7684 12 \u500b\u570b\u5bb6\u4e2d\uff0c\u6709 8 \u500b\u570b\u5bb6\u76ee\u524d\u9762\u81e8\u56b4\u5cfb\u7684\u6c34\u8cc7\u6e90\u6311\u6230\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u570b\u5bb6\u7684\u4f4e\u964d\u96e8\u91cf\u53ca\u5730\u5f62\u8b93\u9019\u9805\u6311\u6230\u8b8a\u5f97\u66f4\u70ba\u56b4\u5cfb\u3002 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Lee \u548c\u00a0J. Romero\uff08\u7de8\u8f2f\uff09]\u3002IPCC\uff0c\u745e\u58eb\u65e5\u5167\u74e6\uff0c\u7b2c 71 \u9801 (4)\u6b63\u9762\u548c\u5e73\u7684\u5b9a\u7fa9\u662f\u5efa\u7acb\u548c\u7dad\u6301\u548c\u5e73\u793e\u6703\u7684\u614b\u5ea6\u3001\u9ad4\u5236\u548c\u7d50\u69cb\u3002\u8cc7\u6599\u4f86\u6e90 (5)\u7279\u5927\u57ce\u5e02\u662f\u6307\u8d85\u904e 1000 \u842c\u4eba\u53e3\u7684\u57ce\u5e02 (6)2021 \u5e74\u300a\u751f\u614b\u5a01\u8105\u5831\u544a\u300b \u95dc\u65bc\u751f\u614b\u5a01\u8105\u5831\u544a\uff08ETR\uff09 \u6b64\u7248\u672c\u300a\u751f\u614b\u5a01\u8105\u5831\u544a\u300b\u70ba\u7b2c\u56db\u7248\uff0c\u5167\u5bb9\u6db5\u84cb\u4e86 228 \u500b\u7368\u7acb\u570b\u5bb6\u548c\u5730\u5340\u3002\u300a\u751f\u614b\u5a01\u8105\u5831\u544a\u300b\u7684\u7368\u7279\u4e4b\u8655\u5728\u65bc\u63a1\u7528\u4e86\u4e00\u7a2e\u591a\u9762\u5411\u7684\u6a5f\u5668\u5b78\u7fd2\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u7d50\u5408\u97cc\u6027\u8a55\u91cf\u6a19\u6e96\u8207\u73fe\u6709\u6700\u5168\u9762\u7684\u751f\u614b\u6578\u64da\uff0c\u7528\u4ee5\u63ed\u793a\u54ea\u4e9b\u570b\u5bb6\u5728\u7576\u4e0b\u548c\u672a\u4f86\u6700\u96e3\u4ee5\u61c9\u5c0d\u7684\u6975\u7aef\u751f\u614b\u885d\u64ca\u3002 \u65b9\u6cd5 \u300a\u751f\u614b\u5a01\u8105\u5831\u544a\u300b\u56ca\u62ec\u4e86\u95dc\u65bc\u4eba\u53e3\u589e\u9577\u3001\u6c34\u8cc7\u6e90\u58d3\u529b\u3001\u7ce7\u98df\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\u3001\u4e7e\u65f1\u3001\u6d2a\u6c34\u3001\u6c23\u65cb\u548c\u6c23\u6eab\u4e0a\u5347\u7b49\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u6700\u65b0\u6b0a\u5a01\u79d1\u5b78\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5831\u544a\u9084\u63a1\u7528\u4e86 IEP \u7684\u300c\u6b63\u9762\u548c\u5e73\u300d\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u7528\u65bc\u78ba\u5b9a\u54ea\u4e9b\u5730\u5340\u7684\u97cc\u6027\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u8db3\u4ee5\u9069\u61c9\u6216\u61c9\u5c0d\u672a\u4f86\u7684\u885d\u64ca\u3002\u5831\u544a\u8490\u96c6\u4e86\u591a\u500b\u8cc7\u6599\u4f86\u6e90\u7684\u8cc7\u8a0a\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4e16\u754c\u9280\u884c\u3001\u4e16\u754c\u8cc7\u6e90\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u3001\u7ce7\u8fb2\u7d44\u7e54\u3001\u806f\u5408\u570b\u3001\u806f\u5408\u570b\u4eba\u6b0a\u7406\u4e8b\u6703\u3001\u5883\u5167\u6d41\u96e2\u5931\u6240\u554f\u984c\u76e3\u6e2c\u4e2d\u5fc3\u3001\u806f\u5408\u570b\u653f\u5e9c\u9593\u6c23\u5019\u8b8a\u9077\u5c08\u9580\u59d4\u54e1\u6703\u3001\u570b\u969b\u79fb\u6c11\u7d44\u7e54\u4ee5\u53ca IEP\u3002 \u95dc\u65bc\u00a0Institute for Economics &amp; Peace IEP \u662f\u4e00\u500b\u570b\u969b\u7368\u7acb\u5b78\u6703\uff0c\u81f4\u529b\u65bc\u5c07\u4e16\u754c\u91cd\u9ede\u8f49\u5411\u548c\u5e73\uff0c\u5c07\u5176\u4f5c\u70ba\u4eba\u985e\u798f\u7949\u548c\u9032\u6b65\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u6b63\u9762\u3001\u53ef\u5be6\u73fe\u53ca\u5be6\u969b\u7684\u6a19\u6e96\u3002\u5728\u6089\u5c3c\u3001\u5e03\u9b6f\u585e\u723e\u3001\u7d10\u7d04\u3001\u6d77\u7259\u3001\u58a8\u897f\u54e5\u57ce\u53ca\u54c8\u62c9\u96f7\u8a2d\u6709\u8fa6\u516c\u5ba4\u3002 \u00a0<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":0,"featured_media":15589,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_generate-full-width-content":"","spay_email":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v20.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Institute for Economics &amp; Peace \u5831\u544a\u7a31\uff0c\u96a8\u8457\u7ce7\u98df\u548c\u6c34\u8cc7\u6e90\u65e5\u76ca\u5331\u4e4f\u53ca\u901a\u81a8\u58d3\u529b\u4e0d\u65b7\u6500\u5347\uff0c\u885d\u7a81\u98a8\u96aa\u6b63\u5728\u5347\u7d1a - \u9999\u6e2f\u7279\u8a31\u7d93\u71df<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.franchise.com.hk\/en\/institute-for-economics-peace-%e5%a0%b1%e5%91%8a%e7%a8%b1%ef%bc%8c%e9%9a%a8%e8%91%97%e7%b3%a7%e9%a3%9f%e5%92%8c%e6%b0%b4%e8%b3%87%e6%ba%90%e6%97%a5%e7%9b%8a%e5%8c%b1%e4%b9%8f%e5%8f%8a%e9%80%9a\/15588\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Institute for Economics &amp; Peace \u5831\u544a\u7a31\uff0c\u96a8\u8457\u7ce7\u98df\u548c\u6c34\u8cc7\u6e90\u65e5\u76ca\u5331\u4e4f\u53ca\u901a\u81a8\u58d3\u529b\u4e0d\u65b7\u6500\u5347\uff0c\u885d\u7a81\u98a8\u96aa\u6b63\u5728\u5347\u7d1a - \u9999\u6e2f\u7279\u8a31\u7d93\u71df\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u502b\u6566\u00a02023\u5e7411\u67081\u65e5 \/\u7f8e\u901a\u793e\/ &#8212; \u4eca\u5929\uff0cInstitute for Economics &amp; Peace\uff08IEP\uff09\u767c\u4f48\u4e86\u5e74\u5ea6\u300a\u751f\u614b\u5a01\u8105\u5831\u544a\u300b\u3002 \u4e3b\u8981\u767c\u73fe\u5305\u62ec\uff1a \u6c23\u5019\u8b8a\u9077\u5c07\u52a0\u5287\u751f\u614b\u5a01\u8105\uff08\u5982\u4eba\u53e3\u5feb\u901f\u589e\u9577\u3001\u6c34\u8cc7\u6e90\u98a8\u96aa\u548c\u7ce7\u98df\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\uff09\uff0c\u5c0e\u81f4\u5927\u898f\u6a21\u4eba\u53e3\u6d41\u96e2\u5931\u6240\u548c\u885d\u7a81\u7684\u7522\u751f\u3002 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\u7684\u7279\u5927\u57ce\u5e02\u6b63\u5728\u8fc5\u901f\u64f4\u5c55\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u9019\u4e9b\u7279\u5927\u57ce\u5e02\u4f4d\u65bc\u66b4\u529b\u6216\u885d\u7a81\u60c5\u6cc1\u56b4\u91cd\u7684\u570b\u5bb6\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u57ce\u5e02\u7f3a\u4e4f\u8ca1\u653f\u8cc7\u6e90\u4f86\u6eff\u8db3\u4e0d\u65b7\u589e\u9577\u7684\u4eba\u53e3\u9700\u6c42\u3002 \u300a\u751f\u614b\u5a01\u8105\u5831\u544a\u300b (ETR) \u5206\u6790\u4e86\u5168\u7403\u751f\u614b\u5a01\u8105\uff0c\u4e26\u8a55\u4f30\u56e0\u751f\u614b\u9000\u5316\u548c\u6c23\u5019\u76f8\u95dc\u4e8b\u4ef6\u800c\u53ef\u80fd\u9762\u81e8\u885d\u7a81\u3001\u5167\u4e82\u548c\u6d41\u96e2\u5931\u6240\u98a8\u96aa\u6700\u5927\u7684\u570b\u5bb6\u53ca\u6b21\u570b\u5bb6\u5730\u5340\u3002\u8a72\u5831\u544a\u8986\u84cb\u4e86 221 \u500b\u570b\u5bb6\u548c\u7368\u7acb\u5730\u5340\uff0c\u7d30\u5206\u70ba 3,594 \u500b\u6b21\u570b\u5bb6\u5730\u5340\u3002 \u300a\u751f\u614b\u5a01\u8105\u5831\u544a\u300b\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u767c\u73fe\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u63a1\u53d6\u5354\u8abf\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u5168\u7403\u884c\u52d5\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u7684\u751f\u614b\u9000\u5316\u7a0b\u5ea6\u5c07\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u60e1\u5316\uff0c\u52a0\u5287\u73fe\u6709\u885d\u7a81\uff0c\u4e26\u53ef\u80fd\u6210\u70ba\u65b0\u885d\u7a81\u7684\u89f8\u767c\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u8feb\u4f7f\u4eba\u6c11\u96e2\u958b\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5bb6\u5712\u3002 \u00a0 \u53bb\u5e74\uff0c\u53d7\u5230\u56b4\u91cd\u751f\u614b\u5a01\u8105\u548c\u793e\u6703\u97cc\u6027\u8f03\u4f4e\u7684\u570b\u5bb6\u6578\u91cf\u589e\u52a0\u4e86 3 \u500b\uff0c\u9054\u5230\u00a030 \u500b\u570b\u5bb6\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u300c\u71b1\u9ede\u300d\u570b\u5bb6\u5171\u6709 11 \u5104\u4eba\u53e3\uff0c\u65b0\u589e\u4e86 3.32 \u5104\u4eba\u53e3(1)\u3002\u6700\u8fd1\u5168\u7403\u7ce7\u98df\u50f9\u683c\u4e0a\u5347\u5e36\u4f86\u7684\u58d3\u529b\u5c0e\u81f4\u5df2\u906d\u53d7\u7ce7\u98df\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u570b\u5bb6\u7522\u751f\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u7ce7\u98df\u9700\u6c42\u3002 \u71b1\u9ede\u570b\u5bb6 \u4e09\u500b\u570b\u5bb6\u65b0\u589e\u70ba\u300c\u71b1\u9ede\u300d\u570b\u5bb6\u3002\u9019\u4e09\u500b\u570b\u5bb6\u5206\u5225\u662f\u5c3c\u65e5\u723e\u3001\u57c3\u585e\u4fc4\u6bd4\u4e9e\u548c\u7dec\u7538\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u570b\u5bb6\u90fd\u5df2\u9032\u5165\u751f\u614b\u5a01\u8105\u52a0\u5287\u3001\u793e\u6703\u97cc\u6027\u4e0b\u964d\u548c\u885d\u7a81\u5347\u7d1a\u7684\u60e1\u6027\u5faa\u74b0\u3002\u5728\u904e\u53bb\u7684 12 \u500b\u6708\u4e2d\uff0c\u9019\u4e09\u500b\u570b\u5bb6\u90fd\u9762\u81e8\u98e2\u8352\u548c\u66b4\u529b\uff1a\u57c3\u585e\u4fc4\u6bd4\u4e9e\u7684\u885d\u7a81\u4ecd\u5728\u7e7c\u7e8c\uff0c\u5c3c\u65e5\u723e\u6700\u8fd1\u767c\u751f\u4e86\u8ecd\u4e8b\u653f\u8b8a\uff0c\u7dec\u7538\u5728 2021 \u5e74\u653f\u8b8a\u5f8c\u4e5f\u51fa\u73fe\u4e86\u66b4\u529b\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3002 \u751f\u614b\u9000\u5316\u548c\u885d\u7a81\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u60e1\u6027\u5faa\u74b0\uff0c\u8cc7\u6e90\u9000\u5316\u5c0e\u81f4\u885d\u7a81\uff0c\u885d\u7a81\u53c8\u5c0e\u81f4\u8cc7\u6e90\u9000\u5316\u3002\u751f\u614b\u9000\u5316\u5c0d\u975e\u6d32\u85a9\u8d6b\u52d2\u7b49\u5730\u5340\u7684\u885d\u7a81\u5f71\u97ff\u6700\u5927\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u9019\u4e9b\u5730\u5340\u5728\u6cbb\u7406\u3001\u6cd5\u6cbb\u3001\u6975\u7aef\u8ca7\u56f0\u548c\u77ed\u671f\u6c23\u5019\u8b8a\u5316\u65b9\u9762\u5b58\u5728\u6bd4\u8f03\u56b4\u91cd\u7684\u554f\u984c\u3002 \u885d\u7a81\u5f80\u5f80\u6703\u5f9e\u4e00\u500b\u570b\u5bb6\u8513\u5ef6\u5230\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u570b\u5bb6\uff0c\u4e26\u5c07\u5f71\u97ff\u5230\u8a72\u5730\u5340\u5167\u5916(2)\u3002\u76ee\u524d\u6709\u8d85\u904e 1.08 \u5104\u4eba\u6d41\u96e2\u5931\u6240\uff0c\u76f8\u8f03\u65bc 20020 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Lee \u548c\u00a0J. Romero\uff08\u7de8\u8f2f\uff09]\u3002IPCC\uff0c\u745e\u58eb\u65e5\u5167\u74e6\uff0c\u7b2c 71 \u9801 (4)\u6b63\u9762\u548c\u5e73\u7684\u5b9a\u7fa9\u662f\u5efa\u7acb\u548c\u7dad\u6301\u548c\u5e73\u793e\u6703\u7684\u614b\u5ea6\u3001\u9ad4\u5236\u548c\u7d50\u69cb\u3002\u8cc7\u6599\u4f86\u6e90 (5)\u7279\u5927\u57ce\u5e02\u662f\u6307\u8d85\u904e 1000 \u842c\u4eba\u53e3\u7684\u57ce\u5e02 (6)2021 \u5e74\u300a\u751f\u614b\u5a01\u8105\u5831\u544a\u300b \u95dc\u65bc\u751f\u614b\u5a01\u8105\u5831\u544a\uff08ETR\uff09 \u6b64\u7248\u672c\u300a\u751f\u614b\u5a01\u8105\u5831\u544a\u300b\u70ba\u7b2c\u56db\u7248\uff0c\u5167\u5bb9\u6db5\u84cb\u4e86 228 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\u76ee\u524d\u6709\u00a010 \u5104\u4eba\u751f\u6d3b\u5728\u7ce7\u98df\u56b4\u91cd\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u00a042 \u500b\u570b\u5bb6\/\u5730\u5340 \u5168\u7403\u6bcf\u00a04 \u4eba\u4e2d\u5c31\u6709\u00a01 \u4eba\u7121\u6cd5\u6b63\u5e38\u7372\u5f97\u5b89\u5168\u98f2\u7528\u6c34 \u9810\u6e2c\u5230\u00a02050 \u5e74\uff0c\u5c07\u6709\u00a028 \u5104\u4eba\u751f\u6d3b\u5728\u9762\u81e8\u56b4\u91cd\u751f\u614b\u5a01\u8105\u7684\u570b\u5bb6\/\u5730\u5340\uff0c\u800c\u73fe\u5728\u9019\u500b\u6578\u76ee\u662f\u00a018 \u5104\u4eba \u5168\u7403\u8d85\u904e\u00a060% \u7684\u7279\u5927\u57ce\u5e02\u6b63\u5728\u8fc5\u901f\u64f4\u5c55\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u9019\u4e9b\u7279\u5927\u57ce\u5e02\u4f4d\u65bc\u66b4\u529b\u6216\u885d\u7a81\u60c5\u6cc1\u56b4\u91cd\u7684\u570b\u5bb6\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u57ce\u5e02\u7f3a\u4e4f\u8ca1\u653f\u8cc7\u6e90\u4f86\u6eff\u8db3\u4e0d\u65b7\u589e\u9577\u7684\u4eba\u53e3\u9700\u6c42\u3002 \u300a\u751f\u614b\u5a01\u8105\u5831\u544a\u300b (ETR) \u5206\u6790\u4e86\u5168\u7403\u751f\u614b\u5a01\u8105\uff0c\u4e26\u8a55\u4f30\u56e0\u751f\u614b\u9000\u5316\u548c\u6c23\u5019\u76f8\u95dc\u4e8b\u4ef6\u800c\u53ef\u80fd\u9762\u81e8\u885d\u7a81\u3001\u5167\u4e82\u548c\u6d41\u96e2\u5931\u6240\u98a8\u96aa\u6700\u5927\u7684\u570b\u5bb6\u53ca\u6b21\u570b\u5bb6\u5730\u5340\u3002\u8a72\u5831\u544a\u8986\u84cb\u4e86 221 \u500b\u570b\u5bb6\u548c\u7368\u7acb\u5730\u5340\uff0c\u7d30\u5206\u70ba 3,594 \u500b\u6b21\u570b\u5bb6\u5730\u5340\u3002 \u300a\u751f\u614b\u5a01\u8105\u5831\u544a\u300b\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u767c\u73fe\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u63a1\u53d6\u5354\u8abf\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u5168\u7403\u884c\u52d5\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u7684\u751f\u614b\u9000\u5316\u7a0b\u5ea6\u5c07\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u60e1\u5316\uff0c\u52a0\u5287\u73fe\u6709\u885d\u7a81\uff0c\u4e26\u53ef\u80fd\u6210\u70ba\u65b0\u885d\u7a81\u7684\u89f8\u767c\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u8feb\u4f7f\u4eba\u6c11\u96e2\u958b\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5bb6\u5712\u3002 \u00a0 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